for pianoforte in B flat minor, Op. 31 (Br. 111,
KK. 505-509)
composed in 1837, published in 1837
dedicated to Mademoiselle la Comtesse Ad�le de F�rstenstein
"This should be
a question. Chopin taught, and it was never question enough
for him, never played 'piano' enough, never sufficiently
falling away (tomb�), as he said, never 'important' enough.
This must be a charnel house, he once said. He was also
heard to say that this is the key to the whole composition.
He was equally demanding as to the simple, quaver
accompaniment to the cantil�ne and the cantil�ne itself. One
should imagine the Italian canto and not the French
vaudeville, he once declared mockingly." - Wilhelm von Lenz,
Uebersichtliche Beurtheilung der Pianoforte - Compositionen
von Chopin, Neue Berliner Musikzeitung, 11 Sep 1872
Nocturne op. 32, 1
for pianoforte in B Major, Op. 32, 1 (Br. 106,
KK. 510-519)
composed in 1836-37, published in 1837
Nocturne op. 32, 2
for pianoforte in A Flat Major, Op. 32, 2 (Br. 106,
KK. 510-519)
composed in 1836-37, published in 1837
two nocturnes dedicated to Madame la Comtesse Camille de Billing de Courbonne
Mazurka op. 33, 1
for pianoforte in G sharp minor, Op. 33, 1 (Br. 115,
KK. 520-548)
composed in 1837-38, published in 1838
Mazurka op. 33, 2
for pianoforte in D Major, Op. 33, 2 (Br. 115,
KK. 520-548)
composed in 1837-38, published in 1838
�During one of
my lessons with Chopin Meyerbeer made his appearance [�] I
was just playing the Mazurka in C major. Meyerbeer sat down
and Chopin told me to continue.
�This is in 2/4 time,� Meyerbeer said,
Chopin contradicted him, told me to start again, and kept
time by loudly tapping a pencil against the piano top [�].
�2/4� Meyerbeer repeated calmly.
This was the only occasion when I saw Chopin lose his
temper. [�]
�It is in 3/4 ,� he raised his voice, although it was his
custom to speak softly.
�Lend me [this theme] for the ballet in my opera (the �Africaine�,
written in secret),� continued Meyerbeer �and I shall prove
it to you.
�It is in 3/4,� reiterated Chopin almost shouting, and
played himself. He performed the Mazurka several times,
counting loudly and keeping time with his foot: he lost all
control!
To no avail. Meyebeer insisted on 2/4. They parted in an
irritated mood. [�] Chopin disappeared in his study without
bidding me goodbye. The whole situation lasted barely
several minutes. [�] Nonetheless, it was Chopin who was
right: despite the fact that the third value is swallowed in
the above theme, it does not cease existing.� - Wilhelm von
Lenz, Die grossen pianoforte, Virtuosen unserer Zeit, Berlin
1872
Mazurka op. 33, 3
for pianoforte in C Major, Op. 33, 3 (Br. 115,
KK. 520-548)
composed in 1837-38, published in 1838
� [Princess
Marcelina Czartoryska] succumbed [...] to my requests and
played several mazurkas, among others the known Mazurka in D
major. I was struck by the way in which this aged pianist
interpreted the main theme. At the beginning she played in a
vulgar, coarse manner, without any subtler shading. Only
when the theme reappears at the end of the composition did
she execute it with a soft, caressing touch, in a thoroughly
delicate and sophisticated manner. I asked her why she
treated the main theme of the composition in such a
divergent fashion. She replied that she was taught this
approach by Chopin who wished to depict the contrast between
the tavern and the salon. This is the reason why he told her
to interpret the same melody so differently; at the
beginning it is supposed to illustrate the vulgar atmosphere
of a tavern, and at the end � the elegance of salons�� -
Aleksander Michalowski, Jak gral Fryderyk Szopen, in: Szopen,
coll. Monographic work, �Muzyka� 1932.
Mazurka op. 33, 4
for pianoforte in B minor, Op. 33, 4 (Br. 115,
KK. 520-548)
composed in 1837-38, published in 1838
�Although it
does not have the title [this Mazurka� is a Ballade. Chopin
himself taught it as a Ballade and stressed the narrative
tone of this extremely expanded composition, with a charming
Trio in B major. At the very send the bells tolls [�] and
the phantom suddenly disappears in the last chord. These are
Chopin�s words.� - Wilhelm von Lenz, Die grossen pianoforte,
Virtuosen unserer Zeit, Berlin 1872
four mazurkas dedicated to Mademoiselle la Comtesse Rose Mostowska
Waltz op. 34, 1
for pianoforte in A Flat Major, Op. 34, 1 (Br. 94,
KK. 549-569)
composed in 1835/9/15, published in 1838
dedicated to Mademoiselle de Thun Hohenstein
Waltz op. 34, 2
for pianoforte in A minor, Op. 34, 2 (Br. 64,
KK. 549-569)
composed in 1834, published in 1838
dedicated to Madame la Baronne C. D'Ivry
"Here is the
valse m�lancolique. You see that you shall never play it as
long as you live, but since you understand it well, I wish
to add something to it." - Wilhelm von Lenz, Die grossen
pianoforte, Virtuosen unserer Zeit, Berlin 1872
Waltz op. 34, 3
for pianoforte in F Major, Op. 34, 3 (Br. 118,
KK. 549-569)
composed in 1838, published in 1838
dedicated to Mademoiselle A. Eichthal
Sonata no. 2 op. 35
for pianoforte in B flat minor, Op. 35 (Br. 128,
KK. 570-580)
composed in 1839/summer, published in 1840
The Funeral March
from Sonata op. 35 for pianoforte in B flat minor Op. 35 (Br.
114) was composed in 1837 before other movements.
"I'm writing a
sonata in B flat minor here, containing my march which you
know. There's an Allegro, then a Scherzo in E flat minor, a
march and short finale, maybe 3 sides long; the left hand
and the right hand in unison chat after the march." - From
Chopin's letter to Fontana in Paris, Nohant 8 Aug 1839